{"formatVersion":"1.1","id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder","path":"/library/antisocial-personality-disorder","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder","title":"Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)","family":"Library detail","description":"Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) is a mental health disorder where a person has very little to no concept of right or wrong.","language":"en-US","access":{"audience":"custom-shared-preview","indexable":true},"provenance":{"sourceUrl":"https://www.mentalhealth.com/library/antisocial-personality-disorder","wordpressId":"144","contentCompleteness":"complete","dateScope":"original-source"},"authors":[{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/people/ethan-cullen#person","name":"Ethan Cullen","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/people/ethan-cullen"}],"reviewer":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/people/leila-khurshid#person","name":"Leila Khurshid, Pharm.D.","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/people/leila-khurshid"},"dates":{"datePublished":"2022-11-08T19:00:00Z","dateModified":"2025-08-26T22:04:17Z","lastReviewed":"2022-11-09"},"content":{"html":"

Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)

Written by \"\"Ethan CullenMedically reviewed by \"\"Leila Khurshid, Pharm.D.

Published on · Updated on

People with antisocial personality disorder consistently show a lack of care toward others. This behavior can include violent or aggressive behavior towards people with no regret or guilt felt for their actions. [1] Medical professionals can treat ASPD medication and therapeutic methods.

\"A

Key takeaways

  • Antisocial personality disorder involves a persistent disregard for others and may include impulsivity, manipulation, or aggression.
  • Diagnosis requires professional assessment, and both biological and environmental factors may contribute.
  • Psychotherapy can address some difficulties, while medication may target associated symptoms rather than the disorder itself.

What is antisocial personality disorder?

\nAntisocial personality disorder, sometimes previously referred to as psychopathy or sociopathy, is a mental disorder where a person has very little to no concept of right or wrong. [2] They will tend to:\n

    \n
  • Ignore the feelings of others
    • \n
  • Deliberately antagonize people
    • \n
  • Treat others with indifference
    • \n
  • Show little understanding or care for the consequences of their actions
    • \n

\nPeople with ASPD are likely to develop a substance use disorder and break the law. [3] Treatments vary based on the case’s seriousness, but most have to manage it their whole lives.\nIt is estimated that up to 3% of men and 1% of women experience this personality disorder [4]. It is most prevalent in people aged between 24 and 44 years old. [5]\n

Symptoms of antisocial personality disorder

\nPeople with ASPD will show some of these significant symptoms:\n

\nThey are likely to develop drug and alcohol use disorders because of their impulsive nature and difficulty understanding the consequences of their actions. This puts them at risk of related issues such as overdoses, diseases transmitted through needles, and heart and liver disease. [3]\n

Criminal behavior

\nPeople with ASPD tend to experience more convictions and spend more time in jail than people who do not have ASPD because of their lack of understanding of the consequences of their actions and little regard for the well-being of others. For these reasons, assault and violent crimes tend to be the most common. [6]\n

Emotions

\nMany with ASPD tend to have trouble understanding and expressing their\nas well as the emotions of others. They will show a lack of empathy and may have tried to manipulate other people’s emotions for their gain. In addition, they will have little respect for social norms or rules.\n

Impulsivity

\nThis negatively affects their own lives and those around them. They tend not to consider the safety of themselves or others and will do risky things frequently.\n

Diagnosing antisocial personality disorder

\nTo be diagnosed with ASPD, you will need to be evaluated by a medical professional. They will run what is known as a ‘differential diagnosis’ where they will assess whether your symptoms are ASPD or a result of different mental disorders such as Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or generalized anxiety.\nTo be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder, you must be at least 18 and have shown at least 3 of the following symptoms before the age of 15: [7]\n

    \n
  • Not following social norms, usually shown by constant law-breaking
    • \n
  • Continuous lying for your personal gain
    • \n
  • Impulsive behavior
    • \n
  • High amounts of physical aggression, sometimes getting into fights
    • \n
  • No care for your safety or the safety of others
    • \n
  • Financial or social irresponsibility
    • \n
  • A lack of remorse after physically or emotionally hurting someone
    • \n

Causes of antisocial personality disorder

\nThere are no known definite causes for someone to develop an antisocial personality disorder. However, risks for developing ASPD often involve biological and environmental factors that begin in early childhood.\n

    \n
  • Genetics may make you more likely to develop the disorder
    • \n
  • Traumatic events in childhood, including child abuse, could have disrupted the average production of hormones (such as testosterone, which affects aggression and impulsivity)
    • \n
  • Physical trauma may affect brain development, like a blunt force to your head as a child
    • \n
  • Family environment (studies have found children are more likely to display antisocial or violent behavior if their parents do) [8]
    • \n

Treatments for antisocial personality disorder

\nTreating ASPD is complicated and depends on how willing the person is to get help and how severe their case is. It is essential to support someone you think may have ASPD, support as it is less likely they will seek out the treatment themselves.\n

Psychotherapy

\nPsychotherapy may help address some symptoms, such as substance abuse. It can help patients to recognize what emotions they are feeling as well as the emotions of others and when and how to act upon them.\n

Medication

\nAs of yet, no medication has been approved by the FDA specifically for treating ASPD. However, some doctors will prescribe medication such as antidepressants or antipsychotics to help regulate mood and deal with some symptoms you may be experiencing. [9]\n

Prevention of antisocial personality disorder

\nPrevention of ASPD is complicated because the causes are often out of your control. For example, genetic and many environmental factors cannot be changed. Hence, it is essential that if you suspect a young person of having ASPD, you keep track of any observations of symptoms you make to aid future diagnosis.\nTherapy in childhood can also prevent antisocial personality disorder from developing in early adulthood by building mechanisms to help them deal with symptoms.\n

Helping Someone with antisocial personality disorder

\nDue to the nature of the psychiatric disorder, someone with it is unlikely to look for help on their own. Usually, treatment is offered once they get into legal trouble. People with a strong social and family support network tend to have the best outlook on the disorder as they do not need to wait until the intervention is forced. [10]\nIf you have a loved one or know someone with the disorder, you must speak to a health professional for your well-being and theirs. As people with ASPD lack understanding of the consequences of their actions, they sometimes end up hurting their friends and family.\n

    \n
  • Individual therapy can help to establish coping mechanisms and set boundaries so you do not get hurt.
    • \n
  • Group therapy can also help. Meeting people in similar situations to you who may care for someone with antisocial personality disorder could be beneficial.
    • \n

References

    \n
  1. Personality Disorders. (2019, August 14). Johns Hopkins Medicine. Retrieved October 2, 2022, from Johns Hopkins Medicine
    2. \n
  2. NHS website. (2022, June 14). Antisocial personality disorder. nhs.uk. Retrieved October 2, 2022, from NHS
    3. \n
  3. Van Dongen, J. D. M., Buck, N. M. L., Barendregt, M., Van Beveren, N. M., De Beurs, E., & Van Marle, H. J. C. (2014, July 31). Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms: Two pathways associated with offending in schizophrenia. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 25(3), 181–191. Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms
    4. \n
  4. Moeller, F. G., & Dougherty, D. M. (2001). Antisocial personality disorder, alcohol, and aggression. Alcohol research & health : the journal of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 25(1), 5–11.
    5. \n
  5. Black D. W. (2015, July). The Natural History of Antisocial Personality Disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 60(7), 309–314. The Natural History of Antisocial Personality Disorder
    6. \n
  6. Chaudhury, S., Ranjan, J., Prakash, O., Sharma, N., Singh, A., & Sengar, K. (2015). Personality disorder, emotional intelligence, and locus of control of patients with alcohol dependence. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 24(1), 40. Personality disorder, emotional intelligence, and locus of control of patients with…
    7. \n
  7. American Psychiatric Association. (2013, May 27). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition: DSM-5 (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
    8. \n
  8. Antisocial Personality Disorder | MentalHealth.gov. (n.d.). https://www.mentalhealth.gov/what-to-look-for/personality-disorders/antisocial-personality-disorder
    9. \n
  9. Hatchett, G. (2015, January 1). Treatment Guidelines for Clients with Antisocial Personality Disorder. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 37(1), 15–27. Treatment Guidelines for Clients with Antisocial Personality Disorder
    10. \n
  10. Fisher KA , Hany M. (2022, May 15). Antisocial Personality Disorder. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved September 30, 2022 from National Library of Medicine
    11. \n

Medical Content

The Clinical Affairs Team at MentalHealth.com is a dedicated group of medical professionals with diverse and extensive clinical experience. They actively contribute to the development of content, products, and services, and meticulously review all medical material before publication to ensure accuracy and alignment with current research and conversations in mental health. For more information, please visit the Editorial Policy.

About MentalHealth.com

MentalHealth.com helps people understand themselves, build healthier relationships, and access the right care. We bring together mental health education, diagnostics, and care management to support well-being throughout every phase of life.

\"\"

Author

Ethan Cullen

Writer

Ethan Cullen is a medical writer with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics from Oxford University.

Published
Updated
\"\"

Medical Reviewer

Leila Khurshid, Pharm.D.

Pharm.D., BCPS

Leila Khursid is a medical reviewer with a Doctor of Pharmacy degree and completed a PGY1 Pharmacy Residency from St. Mark's Hospital.

Reviewed

Subject matter expert

\"\"

Simone Hoermann Ph.D.

Personality disorders, anxiety, and depression

View experience
\"\"

Related communities

Personality Disorders

Explore perspectives on personality disorders, everyday experiences, and relationships.

Explore community
","text":"HomeLibraryPersonality DisordersAntisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)Written by Ethan CullenMedically reviewed by Leila Khurshid, Pharm.D.Published on November 8, 2022 · Updated on August 26, 2025People with antisocial personality disorder consistently show a lack of care toward others. This behavior can include violent or aggressive behavior towards people with no regret or guilt felt for their actions. [1] Medical professionals can treat ASPD medication and therapeutic methods.Key takeawaysAntisocial personality disorder involves a persistent disregard for others and may include impulsivity, manipulation, or aggression.Diagnosis requires professional assessment, and both biological and environmental factors may contribute.Psychotherapy can address some difficulties, while medication may target associated symptoms rather than the disorder itself.What is antisocial personality disorder? Antisocial personality disorder, sometimes previously referred to as psychopathy or sociopathy, is a mental disorder where a person has very little to no concept of right or wrong. [2] They will tend to: Ignore the feelings of others Deliberately antagonize people Treat others with indifference Show little understanding or care for the consequences of their actions People with ASPD are likely to develop a substance use disorder and break the law. [3] Treatments vary based on the case’s seriousness, but most have to manage it their whole lives. It is estimated that up to 3% of men and 1% of women experience this personality disorder [4]. It is most prevalent in people aged between 24 and 44 years old. [5] Symptoms of antisocial personality disorder People with ASPD will show some of these significant symptoms: Addiction They are likely to develop drug and alcohol use disorders because of their impulsive nature and difficulty understanding the consequences of their actions. This puts them at risk of related issues such as overdoses, diseases transmitted through needles, and heart and liver disease. [3] Criminal behavior People with ASPD tend to experience more convictions and spend more time in jail than people who do not have ASPD because of their lack of understanding of the consequences of their actions and little regard for the well-being of others. For these reasons, assault and violent crimes tend to be the most common. [6] Emotions Many with ASPD tend to have trouble understanding and expressing their as well as the emotions of others. They will show a lack of empathy and may have tried to manipulate other people’s emotions for their gain. In addition, they will have little respect for social norms or rules. Impulsivity This negatively affects their own lives and those around them. They tend not to consider the safety of themselves or others and will do risky things frequently. Diagnosing antisocial personality disorder To be diagnosed with ASPD, you will need to be evaluated by a medical professional. They will run what is known as a ‘differential diagnosis’ where they will assess whether your symptoms are ASPD or a result of different mental disorders such as Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or generalized anxiety. To be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder, you must be at least 18 and have shown at least 3 of the following symptoms before the age of 15: [7] Not following social norms, usually shown by constant law-breaking Continuous lying for your personal gain Impulsive behavior High amounts of physical aggression, sometimes getting into fights No care for your safety or the safety of others Financial or social irresponsibility A lack of remorse after physically or emotionally hurting someone Causes of antisocial personality disorder There are no known definite causes for someone to develop an antisocial personality disorder. However, risks for developing ASPD often involve biological and environmental factors that begin in early childhood. Genetics may make you more likely to develop the disorder Traumatic events in childhood, including child abuse, could have disrupted the average production of hormones (such as testosterone, which affects aggression and impulsivity) Physical trauma may affect brain development, like a blunt force to your head as a child Family environment (studies have found children are more likely to display antisocial or violent behavior if their parents do) [8] Treatments for antisocial personality disorder Treating ASPD is complicated and depends on how willing the person is to get help and how severe their case is. It is essential to support someone you think may have ASPD, support as it is less likely they will seek out the treatment themselves. Psychotherapy Psychotherapy may help address some symptoms, such as substance abuse. It can help patients to recognize what emotions they are feeling as well as the emotions of others and when and how to act upon them. Medication As of yet, no medication has been approved by the FDA specifically for treating ASPD. However, some doctors will prescribe medication such as antidepressants or antipsychotics to help regulate mood and deal with some symptoms you may be experiencing. [9] Prevention of antisocial personality disorder Prevention of ASPD is complicated because the causes are often out of your control. For example, genetic and many environmental factors cannot be changed. Hence, it is essential that if you suspect a young person of having ASPD, you keep track of any observations of symptoms you make to aid future diagnosis. Therapy in childhood can also prevent antisocial personality disorder from developing in early adulthood by building mechanisms to help them deal with symptoms. Helping Someone with antisocial personality disorder Due to the nature of the psychiatric disorder, someone with it is unlikely to look for help on their own. Usually, treatment is offered once they get into legal trouble. People with a strong social and family support network tend to have the best outlook on the disorder as they do not need to wait until the intervention is forced. [10] If you have a loved one or know someone with the disorder, you must speak to a health professional for your well-being and theirs. As people with ASPD lack understanding of the consequences of their actions, they sometimes end up hurting their friends and family. Individual therapy can help to establish coping mechanisms and set boundaries so you do not get hurt. Group therapy can also help. Meeting people in similar situations to you who may care for someone with antisocial personality disorder could be beneficial. References Personality Disorders. (2019, August 14). Johns Hopkins Medicine. Retrieved October 2, 2022, from Johns Hopkins Medicine NHS website. (2022, June 14). Antisocial personality disorder. nhs.uk. Retrieved October 2, 2022, from NHS Van Dongen, J. D. M., Buck, N. M. L., Barendregt, M., Van Beveren, N. M., De Beurs, E., & Van Marle, H. J. C. (2014, July 31). Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms: Two pathways associated with offending in schizophrenia. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 25(3), 181–191. Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms Moeller, F. G., & Dougherty, D. M. (2001). Antisocial personality disorder, alcohol, and aggression. Alcohol research & health : the journal of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 25(1), 5–11. Black D. W. (2015, July). The Natural History of Antisocial Personality Disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 60(7), 309–314. The Natural History of Antisocial Personality Disorder Chaudhury, S., Ranjan, J., Prakash, O., Sharma, N., Singh, A., & Sengar, K. (2015). Personality disorder, emotional intelligence, and locus of control of patients with alcohol dependence. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 24(1), 40. Personality disorder, emotional intelligence, and locus of control of patients with… American Psychiatric Association. (2013, May 27). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition: DSM-5 (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing. Antisocial Personality Disorder | MentalHealth.gov. (n.d.). https://www.mentalhealth.gov/what-to-look-for/personality-disorders/antisocial-personality-disorder Hatchett, G. (2015, January 1). Treatment Guidelines for Clients with Antisocial Personality Disorder. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 37(1), 15–27. Treatment Guidelines for Clients with Antisocial Personality Disorder Fisher KA , Hany M. (2022, May 15). Antisocial Personality Disorder. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved September 30, 2022 from National Library of Medicine Medical ContentThe Clinical Affairs Team at MentalHealth.com is a dedicated group of medical professionals with diverse and extensive clinical experience. They actively contribute to the development of content, products, and services, and meticulously review all medical material before publication to ensure accuracy and alignment with current research and conversations in mental health. For more information, please visit the Editorial Policy.About MentalHealth.comMentalHealth.com helps people understand themselves, build healthier relationships, and access the right care. We bring together mental health education, diagnostics, and care management to support well-being throughout every phase of life.AuthorEthan CullenWriterEthan Cullen is a medical writer with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics from Oxford University.PublishedNovember 8, 2022UpdatedAugust 26, 2025Medical ReviewerLeila Khurshid, Pharm.D.Pharm.D., BCPSLeila Khursid is a medical reviewer with a Doctor of Pharmacy degree and completed a PGY1 Pharmacy Residency from St. Mark's Hospital.ReviewedNovember 9, 2022Subject matter expertSimone Hoermann Ph.D.Personality disorders, anxiety, and depressionView experienceRelated communitiesPersonality DisordersExplore perspectives on personality disorders, everyday experiences, and relationships.Explore communityTable of contentsChoose a sectionWhat is antisocial personality disorder?Symptoms of antisocial personality disorderDiagnosing antisocial personality disorderCauses of antisocial personality disorderTreatments for antisocial personality disorderPrevention of antisocial personality disorderHelping Someone with antisocial personality disorderView moreSubject matter expertSimone Hoermann Ph.D.Personality disorders, anxiety, and depressionView experienceRelated communitiesPersonality DisordersExplore perspectives on personality disorders, everyday experiences, and relationships.Explore community","wordCount":1506},"schema":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/#organization","name":"MentalHealth.com","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/#website","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/","name":"MentalHealth.com","inLanguage":"en-US","publisher":{"@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/#organization"}},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Library","item":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Personality Disorders","item":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/personality-disorders"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)","item":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder"}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder#primaryimage","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/assets/library/editorial-17026.webp","contentUrl":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/assets/library/editorial-17026.webp","width":1200,"height":800,"encodingFormat":"image/webp","caption":"A woman pauses with her hands clasped near her chin."},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/people/ethan-cullen#person","name":"Ethan Cullen","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/people/ethan-cullen","jobTitle":"Writer","image":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/assets/wordpress/3064.jpg","sameAs":["https://www.linkedin.com/in/ethan-cullen-b1346123a/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/people/leila-khurshid#person","name":"Leila Khurshid, Pharm.D.","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/people/leila-khurshid","jobTitle":"Pharm.D., BCPS","image":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/assets/wordpress/3060.webp","sameAs":["https://www.linkedin.com/in/leila-khurshid-pharmd-bcps/"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder#article","url":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder","headline":"Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)","description":"Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) is a mental health disorder where a person has very little to no concept of right or wrong.","wordCount":1006,"mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder#webpage"},"publisher":{"@id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/#organization"},"articleSection":"Library","citation":[{"@type":"CreativeWork","name":"Personality Disorders. 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D. M., Buck, N. M. L., Barendregt, M., Van Beveren, N. M., De Beurs, E., & Van Marle, H. J. C. (2014, July 31). Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms: Two pathways associated with offending in schizophrenia. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 25(3), 181–191. Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms","links":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.1923","label":"Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms"}],"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.1923"},{"number":4,"id":"https://mentalhealth-v2.workspace-454808.chatgpt.site/library/antisocial-personality-disorder#antisocial-personality-disorder-alcohol-aggression","text":"Moeller, F. G., & Dougherty, D. M. (2001). Antisocial personality disorder, alcohol, and aggression. 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